THE COST OF WAR SINCE 9-11-2001 (AND TOOLS TO WORK FOR PEACE)

Visiting the 9-11 Memorial for the first time, I perceived that the waterfall represented a torrent of tears to allow visitors to mourn and find solace.  

Photo by Peter Lalor 

Photo by Susan Cannon

However, I did not perceive that the monument would encourage visitors to atone for all violence and to work for peace among all people. I bemoaned the lost potential of the “9-11-moment” to enable the United States forge alliances of good will and peace immediately after the disaster.  I recalled my visit to Hiroshima, Japan, and the Peace Park’s overwhelming message: “Never again.”

Sadly, since 9-11-2001, according to the Brown University Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs’ 2018 “Costs of War” report, the United States has spent nearly $6 trillion on wars that have contributed to the deaths of around 500,000 people since the 9/11 attacks.  How many of us consider these staggering figures?  How many of us teach about them?

The annual report considers obvious and hidden war-related spending, including obligations for veterans’ care, debt, reconstruction costs, and the long-term effect on the U.S. economy. "The United States has appropriated and is obligated to spend an estimated $5.9 trillion (in current dollars) on the war on terror through Fiscal Year 2019, including direct war and war-related spending and obligations for future spending on post 9/11 war veterans…."

The study concludes: "In sum, high costs in war and war-related spending pose a national security concern because they are unsustainable. The public would be better served by increased transparency and by the development of a comprehensive strategy to end the wars and deal with other urgent national security priorities."

These are just the economic costs. What about the human costs? The Brown University report states: “All told, between 480,000 and 507,000 people have been killed in the United States’ post-9/11 wars in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. This tally of the counts and estimates of direct deaths caused by war violence does not include the more than 500,000 deaths from the war in Syria, raging since 2011, which the US joined in August 2014.”  The study goes on to discuss indirect deaths of civilians, journalists, and humanitarian workers, and ongoing human rights abuses, deterioration of the environment, displacement of citizens, and unsafe conditions for refugees.

  

Learn and Teach about the 9-11 Memorial 

When I taught middle school, I started each September with lessons on the 9-11 attack, focusing on past uses of terror (including by the Ku Klux Klan, a white, Christian terrorist group). I wanted my students to understand that terrorists are not from one race, religion, creed, or national background.  We analyzed media coverage and discussed ways various media manipulate consumers with hyperbole.  We observed the difference between information and sensationalism.  We discussed the difference between patriotism and nationalism, the resilience and determination of first responders and survivors, and the resolve students young and old can show as we work for a peaceful world.  The unit culminated in action coordinated with the International Day of Peace, commemorated annually on September 21.

In response to my visit to the 9-11 Memorial, I offer the following resources to teachers.  It is urgent that we take every opportunity to help our students understand the costs of violence and war and our ability and duty as citizens to prevent it.  The memorial offers us an entry to these lessons.

The memorial is somber and beautiful. I have shown videos of interviews with the architect Michael Arad to my students, and they have appreciated his goals. Links are below to help students envision the memorial through the eyes of the designer. Arad told ABC news he wanted to “create a place that allowed people to come together to reflect on what happened here, not alone but as a community in a public space where people gather and congregate…. Could I bring that idea of emptiness, this continuous presence, and making absence present and visible, and tangible to the site?” 

The 9-11 Memorial Website has deep education resources, including well-articulated goals that include ongoing research into the events of 9-11-2001, critical thinking about the aftermath, and promoting civic engagement and volunteerism. Lesson plans for various grade levels include such topics as grieving and heroism, making a memorial, and critical thinking about such topics as “airport security versus civil liberties.” 

·      9-11-Memorial & Museum Website Homepage: https://www.911memorial.org/memorial

·      Education Goals: https://www.911memorial.org/education-goals

·      Lesson Plans for various grade levels include critical thinking opportunities to allow students to explore topics such as “airport security versus civil liberties.” https://www.911memorial.org/lesson-plans

·      Architect Michael Arad’s Interview with ABC News Article (Good summary of designer’s goals): https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2012/09/911-memorial-offers-quiet-amid-new-york-chaos-designer-michael-arad-says/

·      Studio 360’s 4-Minute Video: 9/11 Memorial Tour With Architect Michael Arad  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5xBfiJkratE

Making Absence Visible: Michael Arad at TEDxWall Street (12-Minute Video) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tLKWiEeLIsU

Learn and Teach about the Cost of War

Painting by J. Kadir Cannon

If we and our students knew the true costs of war on soldier and civilian alike, on our environment, on our nation’s aging infrastructure, on our education and healthcare systems, on the potential for global security, and more—would we continue to support the military-industrial complex and its incessant drive to war?  I don’t think so.  It is our duty to learn and teach about the true costs of war.  These links are a good place to start.

Painting by J. Kadir Cannon

·      Brown University Costs of War Homepage: https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/

• GOALS of the Costs of War Project: The project aims to help students consider alternatives to war and the long-term effects of war on the United States and the world in terms of economic, public health, and other human and ecological costs. Goals also include exploring how “to identify less costly and more effective ways to prevent further terror attacks.” (6-minute video) https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/about

·      Costs of War: Concise Summary: https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/papers/summary

·      Costs of War Overview: https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/figures

·      Human Cost of War: the Human Toll of the Post 9-11 Wars (4-minute Video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVr0MSEW2SU

·      Newsweek article: U.S. HAS SPENT SIX TRILLION DOLLARS ON WARS THAT KILLED HALF A MILLION PEOPLE SINCE 9/11, REPORT SAYS  Newsweek’s November 2018 Article on Brown University Report with charts and graphics helpful for analyzing data is best viewed on laptop or projected for discussion with students.  https://www.newsweek.com/us-spent-six-trillion-wars-killed-half-million-1215588

Learn and Teach about Civic Action

I’ve often quoted educator Sister Joan Magnetti's query: “We overwhelm children with all the suffering and evil in the world, but do we enable them to act?” Indeed, we must empower our students (and ourselves) to take action, even against seemingly insurmountable institutions such as militarism and war. These links are a good place to begin empowering students to take action large and small in their local and global communities.  Let's turn a torrent of tears into a torrent of action. 

·      Washington Post article: WHAT AMERICA COULD DO WITH EUROPEAN LEVELS OF MILITARY SPENDING  “Depending on which expert you ask, the chronic social ills the United States could go a long way toward addressing with an extra $3 trillion per decade include: homelessness, child poverty, college tuition costs, the national student debt burden, a lack of affordable child care and long-term health care for the elderly. It could also accomplish several key goals of the president, or go a long way to help balancing U.S. books….”   https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2018/07/12/what-america-could-do-with-european-levels-military-spending/

·      American Friends Service Committee links to Wage Peace: “Wage Peace uses creative and visual grassroots education and organizing to develop new constituencies for the intersection of peace and justice work, as we work toward a broadened and diversified movement of people who will support policies that challenge militarism at home and abroad, and support the growth and well-being of communities with their policymakers at all levels.”  https://www.afsc.org/key-issues/campaign/wage-peace

o   Links include https://www.afsc.org/key-issues/issue/federal-budget-priorities

o   Humanize not Militarize Educational Toolkit: https://www.afsc.org/resource/humanize-not-militarize-training-resources

·      Friends Committee on National Legislation has tools for approaching Congressional representatives on war budget issues

o   Endless War: https://www.fcnl.org/about/policy/issues/wars-militarism/endless-war

o   Pentagon Spending: https://www.fcnl.org/about/policy/issues/wars-militarism/pentagon-spending

·      Jane Goodall’s Roots and Shoots aims “to empower young people to affect positive change in their communities:” https://www.rootsandshoots.org

·      PeaceJam (Nobel Peace Prize Winners and Youth) Founders Dawn and Engel and Ivan Suvanjieff assert that “average, ordinary people can tackle the toughest issues facing humanity.”  http://www.peacejam.org

o   Billion Acts of Peace links to examples of youth action on demilitarization, clean environment, human rights, global health and wellness, conflict resolution, and more. https://billionacts.org

·      Sue Cannon’s Middle School lessons on media literacy from 9-11 to 9-21: https://thinkcareact.blogspot.com/2012/09/investigating-media-from-september-11.html

Susan Gelber Cannon, October 2019

The Trouble with Retirement: Five Things That Will Surprise You

Surprise #1: You will retire.

I’ve known people who retired to travel, rehab houses, write books, consult, take courses, paint, or start theatre companies. I’ve known retirees who got bored or broke in the first year and went back to work in the second.  I’ve known retirees who died within two months out of the job.

I’ve also known people who didn’t retire, who kept working through caregiving, deaths in the family, and births of grandchildren, only to die in the saddle, as it were, during summer vacation.  My own parents worked well into their eighties. 

I was among the many teachers in my building who assured each other we’d work until we were eighty. For one, we loved teaching, whatever the age group.  We loved the kids and the colleagues; we loved the purpose and the passion for academic and social-justice pursuits. We hated the bullshit, but we needed the money and were convinced we had to keep working.  Then we entered our mid-sixties. Some of us had already care-given our way through two-to-four-or-more parents’ passings, and now we had spouses who needed care. There’s the rub.

Surprise #2: You may already have done the fun stuff.
I used every summer of my teaching career as a mini-sabbatical. Every snow day was a mini-retirement. By the time I retired, I’d already written my book, taught in China, mentored teachers, had terrific travel adventures, and developed the passion for peace education I’d infused into my curriculum throughout each school year.

My husband and I had already had decades of great times, from a puppetry career, living in a mud hut in the hills of Kentucky, and studying Sufism in Sri Lanka in the 1970s, to raising two beautiful sons, to camping and kayaking in the Adirondacks, to enjoying three (and then four) grandkids.  

We shared a love of God, family, friends, nature, peace activism, and being creative. However, the past few years had been difficult.  I felt healthy, active, and ready for new adventures, but my husband wasn’t. And, as soon as I made my decision, my husband’s health took a nosedive.

Surprise #3: Plan ahead, psychologically and financially, in that order.

Oops. I blew that. While I was focused on making sure we had enough money to retire, I did not focus on planning what to do when I retired. That’s the order that financial guru, Jane Bryant Quinn, articulates as crucial! (Take 26 minutes to watch her video interview on planning for retirement.  Then buy her book and study it.)

I did know that family was a priority.  To be near one of our sons and his family we scouted a town to which we’d eventually retire, near his city, in a beautiful part of the country we’ve always found interesting. My other son lives overseas, and we’d have to travel far to see his family.  

Using the financial resources listed below, I started to calculate our budget much more carefully than ever before.  How much REALLY did we need to live on?  How much were our savings going to earn once I stopped earning?  Should I take Social Security sooner or later? Working until I was eligible for Medicare was a no-brainer, so I did that, but I researched the pros and cons of Medigap versus Medicare Advantage plans (coming down quickly on the side of Medigap). Do we buy dental insurance or take our chances? How do I transition from being a saver to being a spender? How do I go from being an earner to a “burner?”

Why not keep teaching?  After all, I had long vacations as a teacher. Even so, family emergencies don’t just happen during spring break.  My husband wasn’t well, and my family was spread across the country and world.  I was frustrated that with every new family event, I couldn’t get there to be helpful without taking time off from teaching.  That was difficult, even with the generous support of my teaching team and supervisors. 

It also became clear that I had to retire in order to set up for the next phase of my life.  My father died at 91, and my mother on her 99^th birthday.  If genetics had anything to do with it, my life could go on for quite a while.  I had to become a financial whiz to make our savings last, and if we were going to relocate, we had better get started.

Surprise #4: Being with your spouse may be hard.

All this took a while.  The uncertainty is difficult.  Coming directly from the June of retirement into the September of my first school year of retirement, summer just felt really, really long.  Being in a new place, I had to learn about health care providers and new traffic patterns.  Where were my old friends?  Being home all day with a less healthy spouse gave me less time to ignore problems and more time to have to face issues head-on.  Even with a healthy spouse, retirement can be challenging.  As a recently retired acquaintance joked, “I said I was in it for better or for worse, but not for lunch.”
 

Some couples find retirement glorious.  One day, I met a group of former teachers, members of one family headed to a family reunion.  They were fresh off a two-week trip to Alaska, and after the reunion the two couples were going to travel overseas.  Having retired early, in their fifties, they were each healthy.  “Isn’t retirement great?” one gushed. 

“So far, it sucks,” I replied.

Surprise #5: I lied. I don’t know what it is yet. That’s why it’s a surprise.

I didn’t want to return to the classroom, but I did miss the fun of being around kids and colleagues who ate candy before eight A.M., who wore wacky costumes for random occasions, and who taught like it mattered.  (It did.  It does.) 

I wanted to get to know my grandkids and spend time with my family, and that has been great. But I want more. I want to learn new things and attempt new initiatives without getting frantic.  I want to become active in my community in the way that only retirees can.

One financial advisor who spoke to a teacher gathering, told us retirement comes in three phases: “Go-go, slow-go, and no-go.” I have friends who’ve had to retire from retirement.  I know others who gave themselves a year to explore their options before taking on new jobs, new volunteering, and new family obligations.  I know friends who were overcome with feelings they weren’t prepared for and who needed to read articles about grieving career transitions.  I’m kind of a mixed bag of all of it. 

And let’s not forget mortality. I admit to being attached to being involved and productive and continuing to work to make the world a better place before I die. A friend agreed, writing:

“I have more time, and more time to think, and more time to be aware of this new stage of living, I’m more aware of my mortality. This was not part of my thinking since I was so stimulated and productive and working and often feeling younger and more invincible! Also, it has made me realize: ‘Do-it now-before-it-is-too-late!’  ‘Be healthy’ (It’s a moral commitment to yourself, your spouse, your family.)  ‘Move it or lose it.’ My new and in my face mantras now.”

To these mantras I would add Sylvia Boorstein’s paraphrase of a Buddhist prayer upon awakening: “Today might be the day I die. Realizing that that might be so, what can I do this day to make a difference in the world for the good?” And Bawa Muhaiyaddeen’s encouragement to dispel outer attachments and develop inner wisdom, “Using this wisdom, we churn deeper and deeper, increasing our understanding…. Then the point of God will grow.”

I feel lucky that we are retiring to a town I call a “witness protection program for retired people.”  So many people are from somewhere else, and folks are eager to make “fast friends.” There’s an active senior center, neighbors who feel like family, a hiking group that encourages me to push myself (literally) to new heights, and a Quaker meeting that inspires me to teach, learn, and grow spiritually and politically. Regular women’s pot lucks have led to life-affirming conversations.  I’ve joined a choir.  I’m learning about volunteer opportunities.  Many days, life is good.

So that’s where I’ve been.  I’m hoping to be back to blogging more regularly, providing teachers with resources to teach peace within the contexts of their existing curricula.  I’ll do the research most teachers don’t have time to do.  And I’ll do that in between caregiving, grand-babysitting, hiking, singing in a choir, doing tai chi, learning the ecology of the Blue Ridge Mountains, gardening, volunteering, coaxing my husband out for a walk, and managing the house and finances, among other retirement tasks.  Meanwhile, the resources below may be helpful to you as you navigate this surprising thing called retirement with grace and purpose. 

Bon voyage!

Susan Gelber Cannon, July 2019

LINKS to RESOURCES:
Good article: "Why you should take time to mourn during career transitions" https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/23/smarter-living/why-you-should-take-time-to-mourn-during-career-transitions.html

Books: Read Jane Bryant Quinn’s: How to Make your Money Last: The Indispensable Retirement Guide

Meanwhile, watch her 2016 VIDEO interview:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DV-AMwBwFsA

"Personal finance guru Jane Bryant Quinn discusses the topic of her new book, How to Make Your Money Last: The Indispensable Retirement Guide, with a particular emphasis on helping women, who live longer with less financial security than men. WEALTHTRACK #1302 broadcast on July 01, 2016."

Check out Vanguard’s retirement planning guide. I like their down-to-earth approach:

https://investor.vanguard.com/retirement/planning/

Whether you are married or single, find helpful tidbits in each of these articles:

Blog about couples retiring: https://vanguardblog.com/2019/06/13/should-you-retire-before-your-spouse/?cmpgn=RIG:EM:CMPNG:RMPCMP:07112019:TXL:TXT:BOOTCAMPEM3V1POS1:AQ:ADVC:PAS:XX:XX:X:POS01:XX

Single retiree article: https://investornews.vanguard/your-investing-life-retiring-single/?cmpgn=RIG:EM:CMPNG:RMPCMP:07112019:TXL:TXT:BOOTCAMPEM3V1POS2:AQ:ADVC:PAS:XX:XX:X:POS02:XX

Finally, make your decision and move ahead. Adjust as needed.  I had to laugh while reading this article. It had already taken me months to finish this retirement blog, and the fact that neither the blog nor retirement were going to be perfect was somewhat reassuring.

“It’s never going to be perfect so just get it done”

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/07/smarter-living/its-never-going-to-be-perfect-so-just-get-it-done.html

Spiritual nurture comes from many sources. Here are two of mine:

Sylvia Boorstein, down-to-earth Jewish-Buddhist wisdom: http://www.sylviaboorstein.com

And another, Sufi sage Bawa Muhaiyaddeen’s words of wisdom and inner searching: http://www.bmf.org/qa/how-to-develop-wisdom/


A friend shared this Atlantic article after reading my post.  Themes of stage-of-career-and-life relevance and irrelevance resonated with me.  I found the references to Hindu stages of life post-career and family helpful as I try to create a new post-career life of "spirituality, service, and wisdom."  "Your Professional Decline Is Coming (Much) Sooner Than You Think"
https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/07/work-peak-professional-decline/590650/?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=share&fbclid=IwAR3fNC7Nnfw0TziKXAt2lRZR-g_5_3uiePkzZ298cGR_RA9-DSxGrImcjwk